Treatment of Brine Through Chemistry: Lessons Learned
This addition to the Treatment of Reverse Osomsis Brine Through Chemistry follows up with the municipal agencies for the Chino Basin Desalter and City of Sterling to verify the successful operation of brine treatment through the use of operational data, pipeline level measurements, pipe deposition records, deep well flowrates and injection pump speed cycles…
View fileCase Study: Expert Process Support Extends Membrane Life And Reduces Membrane-Related Expenditures By 65%
King Lee partnered with a culinary solutions provider to help overcome the challenge of extensive membrane fouling. A well disinfection recommendation led to savings of greater than 65% annually on membrane-related expenditures…
View fileCase Study: UHP Piping System Sanitization
Mitsubishi Semiconductor of America Inc. conducted a study which determined that the Quarternary Ammonium compounds found in Microclean UHP was the most cost-effective sanitizer based on the overall utility…
View fileTreatment of Reverse Osmosis Brine Through Chemistry
Brine disposal is a unique and indispensable resource for reverse osmosis water treatment plants, allowing a facility to export high salinity waste from inland areas to the ocean, rivers, or groundwater recharge. This export is important for protecting water…
View fileManagement of Brine Discharges to Coastal Waters Recommendations of a Science Advisory Panel
A panel of five experts in diverse fields related to brine disposal in the ocean was convened to advise the State Water Resources Control Board on best practices for brine disposal in support of the development…
View fileTunneling Through Scaling Barriers with Tandem RO Process for Silica and Calcium Sulfate Super-saturation
Tandem RO process involves a brackish water RO, followed immediately with a high pressure RO. Attaining the overall 95-97% recoveries with brackish or wastewater are increasingly possible. Such a process is…
View fileColloidal iron and manganese in water affecting RO operation
The finding of various forms of iron, and less commonly manganese, in numerous reverse osmosis (RO) membrane autopsies we have performed, have led us to call attention to the diverse forms of iron…
View fileAntiscalants for near complete recovery of water with tandem RO process
Near complete recovery of water from desalination of brackish and wastewater on land using a reverse osmosis (RO) system followed in tandem by a seawater RO system is highly desirable. Such a tandem…
View filePractical POU Sanitization Method for Drinking Water Used in Developing Countries
The united Nations agencies estimate that 1.1 billion people, primarily in the developing world, drink unsafe water (1). Of that number, some 2.2 million people die each year from exposures to poor sanitation and…
View fileDesign, Operation and Maintenance of Ideal RO Plant
Purification of water and wastewater in reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, though simple in concept, is very much a process with complicated chemistries requiring validated design and trained operations…
View fileTandem Reverse Osmosis Process for Zero-Liquid Discharge
A major source of wastewater generated on land can benefit from, and often are in need of, processes for the complete recovery of water, having only solid by-products or waste for disposal. This applies to municipal…
View fileRecovery Optimization of RO Concentrate from Desert Wells
El Paso, Texas, in the arid expanse of the US southwest expects soon to be the site of the world’s largest inland desalination plant [1]. For the initial design of a 15 mgd (2370 m3/h) RO plant, even at the highest…
View fileFoulants in reverse osmosis membranes
Periodic cleaning of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is generally accepted as a necessary routine maintenance operation in the running operation of water purification plants. Common foulants found in RO membrane elements…
View fileColloidal Fouling of RO Membranes
Major municipal wastewater reclamation plants in California, USA, Singapore, and many built or planned for other regions of the world use the high pathogen reduction properties of microfiltration/ultrafiltration (MF/UF) membranes followed by reverse…
View fileA Method to Automate Normalization and Trending for RO Plant Operators
Currently, reverse osmosis (RO) systems are incorporated into the overall treatment program for major municipal water utilities desalinating brackish, sea or wastewater. At the same time, many utility managers…
View fileSustaining the Productivity of Reverse Osmosis Plants
Across the spectrum of industrial and municipal water utilization and treatment plants, extensive desalination and purification of water relies on the use of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. Sustaining the productivity…
View fileChemical Control of Colloidal Fouling of Reverse Osmosis systems
Fouling of membranes by colloidal organic and inorganic particles continues to be documented as the most common and challenging obstacle in attaining stable continuous operation of reverse osmosis…
View fileProcess Simplification through the use of Antiscalants and Antifoulants
The world’s increasing need for economically purified water and the advent of 50 to 100 million gallons per day (mgd) reverse osmosis (RO) plants capable of producing portable water at competitive prices…
View fileDiscussion of silica speciation, fouling, control and maximu
The production of ultrapure water for the power and microelectronics industries, multiple pass reverse osmosis (RO) process commonly the major step in the reduction of dissolved and suspended matter before polishing…
View fileChemical Keys to Optimal RO Processes
Process for the purification of water and waste-water incorporating reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are increasingly being used. The demand for stability and reliability of the processes has steadily increased as RO systems…
View fileArsenic removal by reverse osmosis Article
Arsenic is widely distributed in nature in air, water and soil. Acute and chronic arsenic exposure via drinking water has been reported in many countries, especially Argentina, Bangladesh, India, Mexico, Mongolia…
View fileComplete elimination of acid injection in reverse osmosis plants
Antiscalants with broad activity spectra are available today. When properly chosen, a single antiscalant can efficiently and simultaneously control calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, strontium sulfate, barium…
View fileAntiscalants that Permit Operation of RO Systems at High pH Levels
The production of high-purity water often begins with a reverse osmosis (RO) system for an initial purification of available water using membranes. The efficient rejection of weakly acidic contaminants in…
View fileMinimizing Liquid Water Discharge from Municipal Reverse Osmosis Plants
High recovery of water with RO membranes is by far the most efficient method of processing waste and brackish water. If emerging success in the intermediate precipitative treatment of the limiting…
View file2000- Making a Ideal Process for Pure Water by RO
To treat brackish water of varying qualities, reverse osmosis (RO) systems are used in all sizes, ranging from plants with thousands of membrane elements to portable skids with perhaps three elements…
View file1999- Reverse osmosis process chemistry relevant to the Gulf
The cost of seawater desalination by reverse osmosis technology (RO) continues to drop with time. This portends accelerating adoption of RO around the world in the 21st century. Since chemicals are used…
View file1999- Operational Characteristics of RO Process Chemistry
The application of membranes in the purification of water provides a powerful means of producing high-purity water. In the total treatment of raw water, reverse osmosis (RO) is an important midstream process…
View file1998- Observations from Analysis of RO Membrane Foulants
Periodic cleaning of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is generally accepted as a necessary routine maintenance operation in the running of the water purification plants. The need for more effective cleaning…
View file1997- The Iron Silica and Organic Polymer Triangle
Reverse osmosis (RO)(1) is a process of using trains of semipermeable membrane elements for filtering water under pressure to remove solutes. It is a work horse for generating high-purity water needed for the production of steam and power.
View file1996- Memstor- Reverse Osmosis (RO) Element Preservation Study
The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) located at Port Hueneme, California has operated the Seawater Desalination Test Facility (SDTF) since 1983 to evaluate
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